Tags are jinjava-based functions. They enable easier access to some jinjava expressions, with additional or alternative logic tailored to the needs of our clients.

If you use Visual Studio Code as your editor, you can use code snippets to speed up working with inserts. You can find the snippets in our Github repository: [https://github.com/Synerise/jinja-code-snippet](https://github.com/Synerise/jinja-code-snippet)

## Tag delimiters They can use two types of delimiters: - `{% %}` - available in all tags. - `{%- -%}` - available in tags that have an opening and closing statement. Unnecessary whitespace inside the tags is removed. Using these delimiters where possible is recommended for improved performance. **Example**:

Input:

{% set b = 'I remove the whitespace' %}

{%- if b -%}

{{b}}

End of IF
{%- endif -%}

Data sent to the browser:

"I remove the whitespace\nEnd of IF"

Input:

{% set a = 'I keep the whitespace' %}

{% if a %}

{{a}}

End of IF
{% endif %}

Data sent to the browser:

"\n\nI keep the whitespace\nEnd of IF\n"

## Append You can use `do append` to add an item to a list. **Syntax:**

{% do listname.append('string')}

**Example:** This example uses `do.append` and [`loop.index`](#loop-variables) to iterate over a list of items and pull corresponding values from another list to create an array of objects with values from both lists.

{#  List of items:  #}
{% set itemsArray = ['item1','item2','item3'] %}
{#  List of prices for the items:  #}
{% set pricesArray = ['item1_price','item2_price','item3_price'] %}
{#  Empty array to fill with objects:  #}
{% set arrayWithItemsAndPrices = [] %}

{#  Start iterating over itemsArray  #}
{%- for item in itemsArray -%}
    {#  Set variable to store index of the current iteration:  #}
    {% set index=loop.index0 %}
    {#  Append object to the array  #}
    {% do arrayWithItemsAndPrices.append({
        item: item,
        price: pricesArray[index], 
        index: index 
        })
    %}
{%- endfor -%}

In the object: - `item` is the current item from `itemsArray`, - `price` is pulled from the corresponding index from `pricesArray`, - `index` is the current iteration **Result:** The `arrayWithItemsAndPrices` array is the following:

[
    {item=item1, price=item1_price, index=0},
    {item=item2, price=item2_price, index=1},
    {item=item3, price=item3_price, index=2}
]

The items and prices could be inserted from an aggregate.

## AutoEscape Autoescape the tag's contents.

{%- autoescape -%}
    {# Code to escape #}
{%- endautoescape -%}

## Call In some cases, it can be useful to pass a [macro](/developers/inserts/tag#macro) to another macro. For this purpose, you can use the special call block. This is a simple dialog rendered by using a macro and a call block:

{%- macro dump_users(users) -%}
    <ul>
    {%- for user in users -%}
        <li>
            <p>{{ user.username|e }}</p>
            {{ caller(user) }}
        </li>
    {%- endfor -%}
    </ul>
{%- endmacro -%}

{%- call(user) dump_users(list_of_user) -%}
    <dl>
        <dl>Realname</dl>
        <dd>{{ user.realname|e }}</dd>
        <dl>Description</dl>
        <dd>{{ user.description }}</dd>
    </dl>
{%- endcall -%}

{%- set contents = ['content 1', 'conent 2', 'content 3', 'content 4'] -%}

{%- for content in contents -%}
    <div class="post-item {% cycle 'odd','even' %}">
        Blog post content
    </div>
{%- endfor -%}

Output:

<div class="post-item odd">
    Blog post content
</div><div class="post-item even">
    Blog post content
</div><div class="post-item odd">
    Blog post content
</div><div class="post-item even">
    Blog post content
</div>

## If, else if, else Outputs inner content if expression evaluates to true, otherwise evaluates elif blocks, finally outputting the content of the else block present (if no elif block evaluated to true).

{%- if number <= 2 -%}
    Variable named number is less than or equal to 2.
{%- elif number <= 4 -%}
    Variable named number is less than or equal to 4.
{%- elif number <= 6 -%}
    Variable named number is less than or equal to 6.
{%- else -%}
    Variable named number is greater than 6.
{%- endif -%}

### Combining conditions You can combine conditions with the following operators: - `and` / `&&` - `or` / `||` - `not` / `!` If a condition uses functions and includes spaces (such as in [tests](/developers/inserts/exptest)), it may be evaluated incorrectly or stop the rendering. For best results, we recommend using brackets with all conditions. **Examples**:

{%- if (2 == 2) and (3 == 3) -%}
    {# recommended #}
{%- endif -%}

{%- if (5 is divisibleby 5) and (2 == 2) -%}
    {# correct, recommended #}
{%- endif -%}

{% if (not(5 is divisibleby 4)) and (2 == 2) %}
    {# correct, recommended #}
{% endif %}

{%- if 5 is divisibleby 5 and 2 == 2 -%}
    {# INCORRECT #}
{%- endif -%}

{%- if 2 == 2 and 3 == 3 -%}
    {# NOT recommended #}
{%- endif -%}

## For Outputs the inner content for each item in the given iterable. **Examples**:

Iterating over a list.

{% set names = ["John", "Kate", "Bob"] %}

{%- for item in names -%}
    Hello, {{ item }}!
{%- endfor -%}

Iterating over object properties.

{%- set exampleProduct = {'size': 12, 'title': 'Item', 'color': 'blue'} -%}
{%- for key, value in exampleProduct.items() -%}
    {{ value }}{% if not loop.last %} {% endif %}
{%- endfor -%}

Output:

12 Item blue

By using the `items()` function, you can treat an object like a dict.

{% set exampleProduct = {'size':12,'title':'Item', 'color': ['red','blue','yellow']} %}
{%- for key, value in exampleProduct.items() -%}
{{ key }} : {{ value }}<br>
{%- endfor -%}

Output:

size : 12
title : Item
color : [red, blue, yellow]

### Loop variables Inside the `for` loop, you can access special variables. | col1 | col2 | | --- | --- | | `loop.index` | The current iteration, first iteration is `1` | | `loop.index0` | The current iteration, first iteration is `0` | | `loop.revindex` | Iterations until end of loop, last iteration is `1` | | `loop.revindex0` | Iterations until end of loop, last iteration is `0` | | `loop.first` | `true` if this is the first iteration | | `loop.last` | `true` if this is the last iteration | | `loop.length` | Total number of items in the loop | | `loop.cycle()` | Helper function for cycling, see example below the table | | `loop.depth` | The depth of the current iteration in a recursive loop, starting at `1` | | `loop.depth0` | The depth of the current iteration in a recursive loop, starting at `0` | #### Example **Input:**

{%- set array = ["q","w","e","r","t"] -%}
{%- for item in array -%}
Item: {{ item }}
<br>
Index: {{ loop.index }}
<br>
Revindex: {{ loop.revindex }}
<br>
Cycle: {{ loop.cycle('foo','bar','baz') }}
<br>
{%- endfor -%}

**Output:**

Item: q
Index: 1
Revindex: 5
Cycle: foo

Item: w
Index: 2
Revindex: 4
Cycle: bar

Item: e
Index: 3
Revindex: 3
Cycle: baz

Item: r
Index: 4
Revindex: 2
Cycle: foo

Item: t
Index: 5
Revindex: 1
Cycle: bar

## Get See ["Object properties" in "Insert usage"](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#object-properties). ## Ifchanged Outputs the tag contents if the given variable has changed since a prior invocation of this tag.

{%- ifchanged variable -%}
    {#  Code to execute if the variable has changed  #}
{%- endifchanged -%}

## Intersect Returns the common element of two arrays. **Example**:

{%- set array1 = ["apple", "banana", "cherry","kiwis"] -%}
{%- set array2 = ["pear", "banana", "kiwi"] -%}

{%- set common = array1|intersect(array2) -%}

{{common}}

Output:

['banana']

## Macro Macros allow you to print multiple statements with a dynamic value or values. Basic macro syntax:

{#  Defining the macro  #}
{%- macro name_of_macro(argument_name, argument_name2) -%}
    {{ argument_name }}
    {{ argument_name2 }}
{%- endmacro -%}

{#  Calling the macro  #}
{{ name_of_macro("value to pass to argument 1", "value to pass to argument 2") }}

Example of a macro used to print CSS3 properties with the various vendor prefixes.

{%- macro trans(value) -%}
    -webkit-transition: {{value}};
    -moz-transition: {{value}};
    -o-transition: {{value}};
    -ms-transition: {{value}};
    transition: {{value}};
{%- endmacro -%}

The macro can then be called like a function. The macro is printed for anchor tags in CSS.

a { {{ trans("all .2s ease-in-out") }} }

## Print Echoes the result of the expression. **Examples:**

{% set string_to_echo = "Print me" %}

{% print string_to_echo %}

{% print -65|abs %}

## Range Generates an array of integers. The array can't be longer than 1000 items.

range(start,stop,step)

| Parameter | Required | Default | Description | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | start | no | `0` | The first value in the array. | | stop | yes | n/a | The limit at which the array ends. The value of the limit is excluded from the array. | | step | no | `1` | The increment between items. Can be negative. | **Examples**: Default start and step:

{% set foo=range(5) %}
{{ foo }}

OUTPUT:
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

Start defined, step default:

{% set foo=range(2,10) %}
{{foo}}

OUTPUT:
[2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

Defined start and step. The value of stop isn't included in the array.

{% set foo=range(2,10,2) %}
{{foo}}

OUTPUT:
[2, 4, 6, 8]

Negative increment. The value of stop isn't included in the array. In this case, start must be higher than stop!

{% set foo=range(10,2,-2) %}
{{foo}}

OUTPUT:
[10, 8, 6, 4]

## Raw Processes all inner expressions as plain text.

In this insert, use the delimiters without a dash (`{% %}`). Adding the dashes (`{%- -%}`) may break the output.

{% raw %}
    The personalization token for a contact's first name is {{ contact.firstname }}
{% endraw %}

## Set Assigns the value or result of a statement to a variable. **Basic syntax:**

{% set variableName = variableValue %}

The value can be a string, a number, a boolean, or a sequence. **Example:** Set a variable and print the variable in an expression:

{% set primaryColor = "#F7761F" %}

{{ primaryColor }}

You can combine multiple values or variables into a sequence variable.

{% set var_one = "String 1" %}

{% set var_two = "String 2" %}

{% set sequence = [var_one, var_two] %}

## Try/catch The try/catch syntax can be used to create a fallback mechanism for Jinjava that can't be processed, such as referencing an attribute that doesn't exist. You can only include one catch statement, but you can nest another try/catch blocks inside it (see examples below).

In this example, the Jinjava in the `try/catch` block is correct, but references a variable that doesn't exist. The code from the `catch` statement is executed.

{% try %}
{{ thisVariableDoesntExist }}
{% catch %}
I didn't find the variable!
{% endtry %}

OUTPUT: ``` I didn't find the variable! ```

Each block can only include one `catch` statement, but you can nest blocks.

{% try %}
{% customer thisParamDoesntExist %}
{% catch %}
    {% try %}
    {{ someVariableThatDoesntExist }}
    {% catch %}
    I didn't find the other variable either!
    {% endtry %}
{% endtry %}

OUTPUT: ``` I didn't find the other variable either! ```

In this example, the Jinjava fails to render entirely because of a syntax error in the `try` statement (missing closing bracket).

{% try %}
{{ foo }
{% catch %}
...
{% endtry %}

OUTPUT: No output, Jinjava rendering failed.

The following table explains the behavior of the block in some common scenarios. | Scenario | Result | | --- | --- | | Variable doesn't exist | catch | | Syntax error in `try` or `catch` statement | Rendering fails | | [Profile](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#customer-attributes) attribute with no value in the context profile | catch | | Profile attribute doesn't exist at all in the database | catch | | [Aggregate](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#aggregates) that doesn't exist or returns no value | catch | | [Expression](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#expressions) doesn't exist | catch | | Expression exists, returns `null` | try | | Mathematical operation (other than `+`) on a null result from an expression.
Null is treated as a string. `+` results in concatenation. | Rendering fails | | [Metric](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#metrics) doesn't exist | catch | | Metric exists, but required item context isn't provided | catch | | [Catalog](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#catalogs)/column/item doesn't exist | catch | | Catalog/column/item doesn't exist, but `allowEmpty=True` | try | | [Recommendation](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#recommendations) doesn't exist | catch | | Recommendation returns an error | catch | | Recommendation in draft status | catch | | Required context missing in recommendation | catch | | Recommendation context references item that doesn't exist | catch | | [Voucher pool](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#code-pools) doesn't exist or expired | catch | | No available vouchers in pool | catch | | [{% terminate %}](/developers/inserts/insert-usage#stopping-communication-from-rendering) function in `try` statement | Rendering fails¹ | | Reference to a function that doesn't exist | Rendering fails | | `try` statement is empty | try (returns empty string) | | `try` statement fails, but `catch` doesn't exist/is empty | Empty string | | `catch` references a variable set in `try` | Rendering fails (variable is local to `try`, `catch` is sibling) | | `try` references a variable set in an ancestor | try (variables are inherited) | | Error in `catch` statement | Rendering fails | | Type error, such as a mathematical operation on a string | Rendering fails | | Illegal characters in variable names | Rendering fails | ¹ In certain situations, such as placing the terminate function inside another function, the terminate function is processed as normal and the catch statement is rendered. ## Unless Unless is a conditional just like 'if', but works on an inverse logic.

{%- unless x < 0 -%}
    x is greater than zero
{%- endunless -%}

## Update Creates or updates the properties of an object. **Example**:

{% set product = {'category':'sneakers'} %}

Initial object: {{product}}
<br>
{% set colorData = {'color':'red','size': 8} %}
{% do product.update(colorData) %}
Added color and size: {{product}}
<br>
{% set newColorData = {'color':'blue'} %}
{% do product.update(newColorData) %}
Updated color: {{product}}

Output:

Initial object: {category=sneakers}
<br>
Added color and size: {category=sneakers, color=red, size=8}
<br>
Updated color: {category=sneakers, color=blue, size=8}